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### B.33.1 Usage

The usage of `tmatch2` is

       stilts <stilts-flags> tmatch2 ifmt1=<in-format> ifmt2=<in-format>
                                     icmd1=<cmds> icmd2=<cmds> ocmd=<cmds>
                                     omode=out|meta|stats|count|cgi|discard|topcat|samp|plastic|tosql|gui
                                     out=<out-table> ofmt=<out-format>
                                     matcher=<matcher-name> values1=<expr-list>
                                     values2=<expr-list> params=<match-params>
                                     tuning=<tuning-params>
                                     join=1and2|1or2|all1|all2|1not2|2not1|1xor2
                                     find=all|best|best1|best2
                                     fixcols=none|dups|all suffix1=<label>
                                     suffix2=<label> scorecol=<col-name>
                                     progress=none|log|profile
                                     [in1=]<table1> [in2=]<table2>

If you don't have the `stilts` script installed, write "`java -jar stilts.jar`" instead of "`stilts`" - see Section 3. The available `<stilts-flags>` are listed in Section 2.1. For programmatic invocation, the Task class for this command is `uk.ac.starlink.ttools.task.TableMatch2`.

Parameter values are assigned on the command line as explained in Section 2.3. They are as follows:

`find = all|best|best1|best2` (PairMode)
  Determines what happens when a row in one table can be matched by more than one row in the other table. The options are:
  - `all`: All matches. Every match between the two tables is included in the result. Rows from both of the input tables may appear multiple times in the result.
  - `best`: Best match, symmetric. The best pairs are selected in a way which treats the two tables symmetrically. Any input row which appears in one result pair is disqualified from appearing in any other result pair, so each row from both input tables will appear in at most one row in the result.
  - `best1`: Best match for each Table 1 row. For each row in table 1, only the best match from table 2 will appear in the result. Each row from table 1 will appear a maximum of once in the result, but rows from table 2 may appear multiple times.
  - `best2`: Best match for each Table 2 row. For each row in table 2, only the best match from table 1 will appear in the result. Each row from table 2 will appear a maximum of once in the result, but rows from table 1 may appear multiple times.
  The differences between `best`, `best1` and `best2` are a bit subtle. In cases where it's obvious which object in each table is the best match for which object in the other, choosing betwen these options will not affect the result. However, in crowded fields (where the distance between objects within one or both tables is typically similar to or smaller than the specified match radius) it will make a difference. In this case one of the asymmetric options (`best1` or `best2`) is usually more appropriate than `best`, but you'll have to think about which of them suits your requirements. The performance (time and memory usage) of the match may also differ between these options, especially if one table is much bigger than the other.

  [Default: `best`]

`fixcols = none|dups|all` (Fixer)
  Determines how input columns are renamed before use in the output table. The choices are:
  - `none`: columns are not renamed
  - `dups`: columns which would otherwise have duplicate names in the output will be renamed to indicate which table they came from
  - `all`: all columns will be renamed to indicate which table they came from
  If columns are renamed, the new ones are determined by `suffix*` parameters.

  [Default: `dups`]

`icmd1 = <cmds>` (ProcessingStep[])
  Specifies processing to be performed on the first input table as specified by parameter `in1`, before any other processing has taken place. The value of this parameter is one or more of the filter commands described in Section 6.1. If more than one is given, they must be separated by semicolon characters (";"). This parameter can be repeated multiple times on the same command line to build up a list of processing steps. The sequence of commands given in this way defines the processing pipeline which is performed on the table.

  Commands may alteratively be supplied in an external file, by using the indirection character '@'. Thus a value of "`@filename`" causes the file `filename` to be read for a list of filter commands to execute. The commands in the file may be separated by newline characters and/or semicolons, and lines which are blank or which start with a '`#`' character are ignored.

`icmd2 = <cmds>` (ProcessingStep[])
  Specifies processing to be performed on the second input table as specified by parameter `in2`, before any other processing has taken place. The value of this parameter is one or more of the filter commands described in Section 6.1. If more than one is given, they must be separated by semicolon characters (";"). This parameter can be repeated multiple times on the same command line to build up a list of processing steps. The sequence of commands given in this way defines the processing pipeline which is performed on the table.

  Commands may alteratively be supplied in an external file, by using the indirection character '@'. Thus a value of "`@filename`" causes the file `filename` to be read for a list of filter commands to execute. The commands in the file may be separated by newline characters and/or semicolons, and lines which are blank or which start with a '`#`' character are ignored.

`ifmt1 = <in-format>` (String)
  Specifies the format of the first input table as specified by parameter `in1`. The known formats are listed in Section 5.1.1. This flag can be used if you know what format your table is in. If it has the special value `(auto)` (the default), then an attempt will be made to detect the format of the table automatically. This cannot always be done correctly however, in which case the program will exit with an error explaining which formats were attempted. This parameter is ignored for scheme-specified tables.

  [Default: `(auto)`]

`ifmt2 = <in-format>` (String)
  Specifies the format of the second input table as specified by parameter `in2`. The known formats are listed in Section 5.1.1. This flag can be used if you know what format your table is in. If it has the special value `(auto)` (the default), then an attempt will be made to detect the format of the table automatically. This cannot always be done correctly however, in which case the program will exit with an error explaining which formats were attempted. This parameter is ignored for scheme-specified tables.

  [Default: `(auto)`]

`in1 = <table1>` (StarTable)
  The location of the first input table. This may take one of the following forms:
  - A filename.
  - A URL.
  - The special value "`-`", meaning standard input. In this case the input format must be given explicitly using the `ifmt1` parameter. Note that not all formats can be streamed in this way.
  - A scheme specification of the form `:<scheme-name>:<scheme-args>`.
  - A system command line with either a "`<`" character at the start, or a "`|`" character at the end ("`<syscmd`" or "`syscmd|`"). This executes the given pipeline and reads from its standard output. This will probably only work on unix-like systems.
  In any case, compressed data in one of the supported compression formats (gzip, Unix compress or bzip2) will be decompressed transparently.
`in2 = <table2>` (StarTable)
  The location of the second input table. This may take one of the following forms:
  - A filename.
  - A URL.
  - The special value "`-`", meaning standard input. In this case the input format must be given explicitly using the `ifmt2` parameter. Note that not all formats can be streamed in this way.
  - A scheme specification of the form `:<scheme-name>:<scheme-args>`.
  - A system command line with either a "`<`" character at the start, or a "`|`" character at the end ("`<syscmd`" or "`syscmd|`"). This executes the given pipeline and reads from its standard output. This will probably only work on unix-like systems.
  In any case, compressed data in one of the supported compression formats (gzip, Unix compress or bzip2) will be decompressed transparently.
`join = 1and2|1or2|all1|all2|1not2|2not1|1xor2` (JoinType)
  Determines which rows are included in the output table. The matching algorithm determines which of the rows from the first table correspond to which rows from the second. This parameter determines what to do with that information. Perhaps the most obvious thing is to write out a table containing only rows which correspond to a row in both of the two input tables. However, you may also want to see the unmatched rows from one or both input tables, or rows present in one table but unmatched in the other, or other possibilities. The options are:
  - `1and2`: An output row for each row represented in both input tables (INNER JOIN)
  - `1or2`: An output row for each row represented in either or both of the input tables (FULL OUTER JOIN)
  - `all1`: An output row for each matched or unmatched row in table 1 (LEFT OUTER JOIN)
  - `all2`: An output row for each matched or unmatched row in table 2 (RIGHT OUTER JOIN)
  - `1not2`: An output row only for rows which appear in the first table but are not matched in the second table
  - `2not1`: An output row only for rows which appear in the second table but are not matched in the first table
  - `1xor2`: An output row only for rows represented in one of the input tables but not the other one

  [Default: `1and2`]

`matcher = <matcher-name>` (MatchEngine)
  Defines the nature of the matching that will be performed. Depending on the name supplied, this may be positional matching using celestial or Cartesian coordinates, exact matching on the value of a string column, or other things. A list and explanation of the available matching algorithms is given in Section 7.1. The value supplied for this parameter determines the meanings of the values required by the `params`, `values*` and `tuning` parameter(s).

  [Default: `sky`]

`ocmd = <cmds>` (ProcessingStep[])
  Specifies processing to be performed on the output table, after all other processing has taken place. The value of this parameter is one or more of the filter commands described in Section 6.1. If more than one is given, they must be separated by semicolon characters (";"). This parameter can be repeated multiple times on the same command line to build up a list of processing steps. The sequence of commands given in this way defines the processing pipeline which is performed on the table.

  Commands may alteratively be supplied in an external file, by using the indirection character '@'. Thus a value of "`@filename`" causes the file `filename` to be read for a list of filter commands to execute. The commands in the file may be separated by newline characters and/or semicolons, and lines which are blank or which start with a '`#`' character are ignored.

`ofmt = <out-format>` (String)
  Specifies the format in which the output table will be written (one of the ones in Section 5.1.2 - matching is case-insensitive and you can use just the first few letters). If it has the special value "`(auto)`" (the default), then the output filename will be examined to try to guess what sort of file is required usually by looking at the extension. If it's not obvious from the filename what output format is intended, an error will result.

  This parameter must only be given if `omode` has its default value of "`out`".

  [Default: `(auto)`]

`omode = out|meta|stats|count|cgi|discard|topcat|samp|plastic|tosql|gui` (ProcessingMode)
  The mode in which the result table will be output. The default mode is `out`, which means that the result will be written as a new table to disk or elsewhere, as determined by the `out` and `ofmt` parameters. However, there are other possibilities, which correspond to uses to which a table can be put other than outputting it, such as displaying metadata, calculating statistics, or populating a table in an SQL database. For some values of this parameter, additional parameters (`<mode-args>`) are required to determine the exact behaviour.

  Possible values are

  - `out`
  - `meta`
  - `stats`
  - `count`
  - `cgi`
  - `discard`
  - `topcat`
  - `samp`
  - `plastic`
  - `tosql`
  - `gui`
  Use the `help=omode` flag or see Section 6.4 for more information.

  [Default: `out`]

`out = <out-table>` (TableConsumer)
  The location of the output table. This is usually a filename to write to. If it is equal to the special value "-" (the default) the output table will be written to standard output.

  This parameter must only be given if `omode` has its default value of "`out`".

  [Default: `-`]

`params = <match-params>` (String[])
  Determines the parameters of this match. This is typically one or more tolerances such as error radii. It may contain zero or more values; the values that are required depend on the match type selected by the `matcher` parameter. If it contains multiple values, they must be separated by spaces; values which contain a space can be 'quoted' or "quoted".
`progress = none|log|profile` (String)
  Determines whether information on progress of the match should be output to the standard error stream as it progresses. For lengthy matches this is a useful reassurance and can give guidance about how much longer it will take. It can also be useful as a performance diagnostic.

  The options are:

  - `none`: no progress is shown
  - `log`: progress information is shown
  - `profile`: progress information and limited time/memory profiling information are shown

  [Default: `log`]

`scorecol = <col-name>` (String)
  Gives the name of a column in the output table to contain the "match score" for each pairwise match. The meaning of this column is dependent on the chosen `matcher`, but it typically represents a distance of some kind between the two matching points. If a null value is chosen, no score column will be inserted in the output table. The default value of this parameter depends on `matcher`.

  [Default: `Score`]

`suffix1 = <label>` (String)
  If the `fixcols` parameter is set so that input columns are renamed for insertion into the output table, this parameter determines how the renaming is done. It gives a suffix which is appended to all renamed columns from table 1.

  [Default: `_1`]

`suffix2 = <label>` (String)
  If the `fixcols` parameter is set so that input columns are renamed for insertion into the output table, this parameter determines how the renaming is done. It gives a suffix which is appended to all renamed columns from table 2.

  [Default: `_2`]

`tuning = <tuning-params>` (String[])
  Tuning values for the matching process, if appropriate. It may contain zero or more values; the values that are permitted depend on the match type selected by the `matcher` parameter. If it contains multiple values, they must be separated by spaces; values which contain a space can be 'quoted' or "quoted". If this optional parameter is not supplied, sensible defaults will be chosen.
`values1 = <expr-list>` (String[])
  Defines the values from table 1 which are used to determine whether a match has occurred. These will typically be coordinate values such as RA and Dec and perhaps some per-row error values as well, though exactly what values are required is determined by the kind of match as determined by `matcher`. Depending on the kind of match, the number and type of the values required will be different. Multiple values should be separated by whitespace; if whitespace occurs within a single value it must be 'quoted' or "quoted". Elements of the expression list are commonly just column names, but may be algebraic expressions calculated from zero or more columns as explained in Section 10.
`values2 = <expr-list>` (String[])
  Defines the values from table 2 which are used to determine whether a match has occurred. These will typically be coordinate values such as RA and Dec and perhaps some per-row error values as well, though exactly what values are required is determined by the kind of match as determined by `matcher`. Depending on the kind of match, the number and type of the values required will be different. Multiple values should be separated by whitespace; if whitespace occurs within a single value it must be 'quoted' or "quoted". Elements of the expression list are commonly just column names, but may be algebraic expressions calculated from zero or more columns as explained in Section 10.

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STILTS - Starlink Tables Infrastructure Library Tool Set
Starlink User Note256
STILTS web page: http://www.starlink.ac.uk/stilts/
Author email: m.b.taylor@bristol.ac.uk
Mailing list: topcat-user@jiscmail.ac.uk