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### B.31.1 Usage

The usage of `tcube` is

       stilts <stilts-flags> tcube cols=<expr> ... ... ifmt=<in-format>
                                   istream=true|false icmd=<cmds>
                                   bounds=[<lo>]:[<hi>] ... binsizes=<size> ...
                                   nbins=<num> ...
                                   combine=sum|sum-per-unit|count|count-per-unit|mean|median|Q1|Q3|min|max|stdev|stdev_pop|hit
                                   out=<out-file>
                                   otype=byte|short|int|long|float|double
                                   scale=<expr>
                                   [in=]<table>

If you don't have the `stilts` script installed, write "`java -jar stilts.jar`" instead of "`stilts`" - see Section 3. The available `<stilts-flags>` are listed in Section 2.1. For programmatic invocation, the Task class for this command is `uk.ac.starlink.ttools.task.TableCube`.

Parameter values are assigned on the command line as explained in Section 2.3. They are as follows:

`binsizes = <size> ...` (Double[])
  Gives the extent of of the data bins (cube pixels) in each dimension in data coordinates. The form of the value is a space-separated list of values, giving a list of extents for the first, second, ... dimension. Either this parameter or the `nbins` parameter must be supplied.
`bounds = [<lo>]:[<hi>] ...` (double[][])
  Gives the bounds for each dimension of the cube in data coordinates. The form of the value is a space-separated list of words, each giving an optional lower bound, then a colon, then an optional upper bound, for instance "1:100 0:20" to represent a range for two-dimensional output between 1 and 100 of the first coordinate (table column) and between 0 and 20 for the second. Either or both numbers may be omitted to indicate that the bounds should be determined automatically by assessing the range of the data in the table. A null value for the parameter indicates that all bounds should be determined automatically for all the dimensions.

  If any of the bounds need to be determined automatically in this way, two passes through the data will be required, the first to determine bounds and the second to populate the cube.

`cols = <expr> ... ...` (String[])
  Columns to use for this task. One or more `<expr>` elements, separated by spaces, should be given. Each one represents a numeric value from the table, provided as a column name or algebraic expression.

  The number of columns listed in the value of this parameter defines the dimensionality of the output data cube.

`combine = sum|sum-per-unit|count|count-per-unit|mean|median|Q1|Q3|min|max|stdev|stdev_pop|hit` (Combiner)
  Defines how values contributing to the same density map bin are combined together to produce the value assigned to that bin. Possible values are:
  - `sum`: the sum of all the combined values per bin
  - `sum-per-unit`: the sum of all the combined values per unit of bin size
  - `count`: the number of non-blank values per bin (weight is ignored)
  - `count-per-unit`: the number of non-blank values per unit of bin size (weight is ignored)
  - `mean`: the mean of the combined values
  - `median`: the median
  - `Q1`: first quartile
  - `Q3`: third quartile
  - `min`: the minimum of all the combined values
  - `max`: the maximum of all the combined values
  - `stdev`: the sample standard deviation of the combined values
  - `stdev_pop`: the population standard deviation of the combined values
  - `hit`: 1 if any values present, NaN otherwise (weight is ignored)
  - `Q.nnn`: quantile nnn (e.g. Q.05 is the fifth percentile)

  [Default: `sum`]

`icmd = <cmds>` (ProcessingStep[])
  Specifies processing to be performed on the input table as specified by parameter `in`, before any other processing has taken place. The value of this parameter is one or more of the filter commands described in Section 6.1. If more than one is given, they must be separated by semicolon characters (";"). This parameter can be repeated multiple times on the same command line to build up a list of processing steps. The sequence of commands given in this way defines the processing pipeline which is performed on the table.

  Commands may alternatively be supplied in an external file, by using the indirection character '`@`'. Thus a value of "`@filename`" causes the file `filename` to be read for a list of filter commands to execute. The commands in the file may be separated by newline characters and/or semicolons, and lines which are blank or which start with a '`#`' character are ignored. A backslash character '`\`' at the end of a line joins it with the following line.

`ifmt = <in-format>` (String)
  Specifies the format of the input table as specified by parameter `in`. The known formats are listed in Section 5.1.1. This flag can be used if you know what format your table is in. If it has the special value `(auto)` (the default), then an attempt will be made to detect the format of the table automatically. This cannot always be done correctly however, in which case the program will exit with an error explaining which formats were attempted. This parameter is ignored for scheme-specified tables.

  [Default: `(auto)`]

`in = <table>` (StarTable)
  The location of the input table. This may take one of the following forms:
  - A filename.
  - A URL.
  - The special value "`-`", meaning standard input. In this case the input format must be given explicitly using the `ifmt` parameter. Note that not all formats can be streamed in this way.
  - A scheme specification of the form `:<scheme-name>:<scheme-args>`.
  - A system command line with either a "`<`" character at the start, or a "`|`" character at the end ("`<syscmd`" or "`syscmd|`"). This executes the given pipeline and reads from its standard output. This will probably only work on unix-like systems.
  In any case, compressed data in one of the supported compression formats (gzip, Unix compress or bzip2) will be decompressed transparently.
`istream = true|false` (Boolean)
  If set true, the input table specified by the `in` parameter will be read as a stream. It is necessary to give the `ifmt` parameter in this case. Depending on the required operations and processing mode, this may cause the read to fail (sometimes it is necessary to read the table more than once). It is not normally necessary to set this flag; in most cases the data will be streamed automatically if that is the best thing to do. However it can sometimes result in less resource usage when processing large files in certain formats (such as VOTable). This parameter is ignored for scheme-specified tables.

  [Default: `false`]

`nbins = <num> ...` (Integer[])
  Gives the number of bins (cube pixels) in each dimension. The form of the value is a space-separated list of integers, giving the number of pixels for the output cube in the first, second, ... dimension. Either this parameter or the `binsizes` parameter must be supplied.
`otype = byte|short|int|long|float|double` (Class)
  The type of numeric value which will fill the output array. If no selection is made, the output type will be determined automatically as the shortest type required to hold all the values in the array. Currently, integers are always signed (no BSCALE/BZERO), so for instance the largest value that can be recorded in 8 bits is 127.
`out = <out-file>` (uk.ac.starlink.util.Destination)
  The location of the output file. This is usually a filename to write to. If it is equal to the special value "-" the output will be written to standard output.

  The output cube is currently written as a single-HDU FITS file.

  [Default: `-`]

`scale = <expr>` (String)
  Optionally gives a weight for each entry contributing to histogram bins. The value of this expression is accumulated, in accordance with the `combine` parameter, into the bin defined by its coordinates. If no expression is given, the value 1 is assumed.

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STILTS - Starlink Tables Infrastructure Library Tool Set
Starlink User Note256
STILTS web page: http://www.starlink.ac.uk/stilts/
Author email: m.b.taylor@bristol.ac.uk
Mailing list: topcat-user@jiscmail.ac.uk